Vitrification is a highly effective method for freezing and storing embryos, particularly blastocysts, which are embryos that have developed for five to six days after fertilization. At Midstream Fertility Clinic, we use vitrification to preserve high-quality embryos for future use. Here is a detailed explanation of the vitrification process:
1. Initial Consultation and Evaluation
Comprehensive Assessment: Before starting the process, we conduct a thorough evaluation of your medical and fertility history. This helps us understand your specific needs and goals. Treatment Planning: Based on the assessment, we develop a personalized treatment plan, including the timing and strategy for embryo vitrification.
2. Embryo Development
Ovarian Stimulation and Egg Retrieval: The process begins with ovarian stimulation to produce multiple eggs, followed by egg retrieval. This is part of an IVF cycle. Fertilization: Retrieved eggs are fertilized using standard IVF or Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) techniques. Culture to Blastocyst Stage: The fertilized eggs (embryos) are cultured in the lab for 5-6 days until they reach the blastocyst stage. During this period, the embryos are monitored for quality and development.
3. Selection of Blastocysts
Assessment: On Day 5 or 6, the embryos are evaluated, and the best quality blastocysts are selected for vitrification. Criteria include cell number, symmetry, and absence of fragmentation. Genetic Testing (Optional): Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) can be performed to screen for genetic abnormalities, ensuring that only healthy blastocysts are selected for vitrification.
4. The Vitrification Process
Preparation: Selected blastocysts are first dehydrated using a series of cryoprotectant solutions to prevent ice crystal formation during freezing. This step is critical to preserving the integrity of the cells. Rapid Freezing: The blastocysts are then quickly plunged into liquid nitrogen at a temperature of approximately -196°C. This rapid freezing process, known as vitrification, solidifies the cells into a glass-like state without forming ice crystals, which can damage the embryos.
5. Storage
Cryostorage: Vitrified blastocysts are stored in specialized cryogenic storage tanks filled with liquid nitrogen. They can remain viable in this state for many years, allowing flexibility in planning future pregnancy attempts.
6. Thawing and Transfer (When Ready)
Thawing: When you are ready to use the vitrified blastocysts, they are carefully thawed. This process is designed to gradually rehydrate the cells and restore them to their normal state. Preparation for Transfer: Before the embryo transfer, your uterus will be prepared to receive the blastocyst. This may involve hormonal treatments to optimize the uterine lining. Embryo Transfer: The thawed blastocyst is transferred into your uterus using a thin catheter in a simple, usually painless procedure.
7. Post-Transfer Care
Luteal Phase Support: After the transfer, you may be prescribed progesterone supplements to support the uterine lining and promote implantation. Monitoring and Pregnancy Test: About 10-14 days after the embryo transfer, a blood test is performed to check for pregnancy. If positive, further monitoring will be scheduled to support early pregnancy development.
Benefits of Vitrification
- High Survival Rates: Vitrification significantly improves the survival rates of thawed embryos compared to traditional slow-freezing methods.
- Flexibility: It allows for the preservation of high-quality embryos for future use, providing flexibility in family planning.
- Increased Success Rates: The ability to freeze and store blastocysts at their optimal stage of development increases the likelihood of a successful pregnancy when the embryos are later thawed and transferred.
Support and Care
Throughout the vitrification process, the team at Midstream Fertility Clinic is committed to providing comprehensive care, support, and guidance. Our goal is to ensure that you feel informed and comfortable at every step, making the process as smooth and successful as possible.
Vitrification of blastocysts is a crucial component of modern fertility treatments, offering a reliable method for preserving fertility and optimizing the chances of achieving a successful pregnancy in the future.